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The Impact of China on the Middle EastGouda Abdel-Khalek is professor of Economics at the Faculty of Economics, Cairo University. He holds a PhD from McMaster University (Canada), and his research interests include globalization and financial crises, macro policies for poverty reduction, economic reform, and industrialization policies. In addition to serving as advisor to various national organizations in Egypt, he has served as international consultant for the United Nations (ECA, ESCWA, UNDP and UNU), the Population Council, the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and The World Bank. He was Fulbright Visiting Research Scholar at Johns Hopkins University, visiting professor at UCLA and USC, and he is winner of the State Prize for Achievement in Social Sciences (2004), Fulbright Visiting Research Scholarships (1988/89 and 2002/2003) and University Research Award (1985). His publications include many articles, book chapters and books on various international economic subjects, including world economic crises, and manufacturing and industrialization. Among his books on Egypt are The Political Economy of Income Distribution in Egypt (Holmes & Meier Publishers, 1982), Stabilization and Adjustment Policies and Programmes: Egypt (WIDER, 1988) and Stabilization and Adjustment in Egypt: Reform or De-Industrialization (Edward Elgar, 2001). [email: nile{at}link.net]
Karima Korayem is professor of Economics at the Faculty of Commerce of the Al-Azhar University (Cairo) and member of the Scientific Committee of the Comparative Research Programme on Poverty (CROP), Norway. She got her PhD in Economics from McMaster University (Canada) and received the State Prize in Economics in 1985. She has worked as a consultant to many international institutions, including UNSURF-AS, UNDESA, UNESCWA, UNDP, UNDDSMS, UNICEF, ILO, World Bank, International Development Research Center (IDRC) and the League of Arab States. Her main research areas are income distribution, poverty, economic policies and globalization. Her recent publications include Poverty and Globalization: Egypt and the Arab Countries (the Supreme Council of Culture, Cairo, 2005), Poverty in Yemen: Evolution and Causes (UNSURF-AS and UNDP, 2005), Agriculture and Rural Poverty in Yemen (UNSURF-AS and UNDP, 2005), Toshka Potential for Employment and Income Generation (UNDESA, 2004) and How Do the Poor Cope with Increased Employment Inadequacy in Egypt (European University Institute, Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, Italy, Working Paper, 2002). [email: nile{at}link.net] This article assesses the impact of the fast economic growth and expansion of China on the Middle East. It examines the evolution of the profile of the Middle East during 1995–2004 in terms of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth, energy resources and potential, commodity structure of the foreign trade of the Middle East, its main trade partners and China's role in the international trade of the region. The importance of the Middle East for China's economy from 1995 to 2004 is discussed, including trade in goods and services, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and supplies of energy and raw materials. Trade competition and/or collaboration between the Middle East and China, especially since the accession of China to the World Trade Organization (WTO), are also considered. Finally, China's impact on the Middle East is analysed by looking into trade, capital flows, labour flows, energy and raw materials and competition in the domestic and international markets with respect to goods and services. Indirect effects of China as a global player on the Middle East may also play a role, mainly through the big player in the Middle East: the United States.
Key Words: Middle East • China • foreign trade • oil • raw materials
Journal of Developing Societies, Vol. 23, No. 4,
397-434 (2007) This article has been cited by other articles:
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